Protean Neurological Manifestations in Chikungunya

Abstract:

Unplanned urbanization and secondary migration have caused an increased spurt in arboviral diseases especially Dengue and Chikungunya. With this exponential rise in these illness, now we are beginning to notice uncommon presentations of these common illnesses. Here we present two interesting cases: one of paraparesis and another of quadriparesis with respiratory involvement secondary to Chikungunya, although the mechanism in one is hypokalemia and the other is GBS secondary to Chikungunya. Just the magnitude of cases presenting in metros and major cities of our country warrant sensitizing the physicians about these uncommon manifestations.

Introduction:

Chikungunya, an arboviral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes is gaining significant public health proportions due to rapid migration, unplanned urban settlements, and poor sanitation. Usually, the disease passes off harmlessly in 5 to 7 days; with few patients suffering from fatigue and post fever arthralgia. Delhi this year experienced an exponential rise in the number of Chikungunya cases with some patients presenting with unusual clinical manifestations. Neurological syndromes are rarely known to occur with chikungunya barring a few reported cases of encephalitis, encephalopathy or myeloneuropathy. We present two cases that presented with sudden onset limb weakness. The attributable etiology for both was chikungunya, but the underlying causative mechanisms were eclectic.

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